The solar system is a collection of celestial bodies, all bound by the gravitational pull of the Sun, which sits at its center. It includes:

The Sun: A typical star composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. It provides the light and heat that sustain life on Earth and dictates the orbits of surrounding objects through its gravitational force.

Planets: There are eight major planets divided into two groups:

Terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) which are rocky and smaller.
Gas giants (Jupiter and Saturn) and ice giants (Uranus and Neptune), which are much larger and mostly made up of gases and ices.
Dwarf Planets: Smaller than the main planets and lacking certain technical criteria that define a full-sized planet. Pluto is the most famous of these.

Moons: Natural satellites that orbit planets. Earth has one moon, while other planets, like Jupiter and Saturn, have many.

Asteroids: These are rocky objects, mostly found in the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter, though they can be located throughout the solar system.

Comets: Composed of ice, dust, and rocky material. Comets have highly elliptical orbits that bring them closer to the Sun at various times, where they develop a visible glowing coma (atmosphere) and tail.

Meteoroids: Smaller rocks or particles in space, many of which burn up as meteors when they enter Earth’s atmosphere, sometimes reaching the ground as meteorites.

Other components: This includes the Kuiper Belt (a region beyond Neptune full of icy bodies and dwarf planets) and the Oort Cloud (a distant spherical shell surrounding the solar system, filled with icy objects).

These components interact with each other under the influence of gravitational forces, primarily from the Sun, which keeps them orbiting in a relatively flat disc known as the ecliptic plane. The solar system is just one of many in our galaxy, the Milky Way.